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干细胞治疗糖尿病的研究近况


入碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(basic fibrobl ast growth factor,bFGF)及B27和尼可酰胺,诱导成为能分泌胰岛素的胰岛样结 构,将其植入糖尿病鼠体内,可使血糖降低且有血管形成,只是胰岛素分泌量较低 。(2)Assady [28] 从ES细胞诱导分化得到可分泌胰岛素的细胞,他们的方法 是先将ES细胞在有白血病抑制因子(leukaemia inbibitory factor,LIF)存在, 但无滋养层的条件下培养,此时有PDX1(pancreatic and duodenal homeobox1) 表达,然后在无LIF的条件下促进ES细胞增殖分化为拟胚体(Embryo Bodys,EBs) ,再在无血清环境下培养,提高nestin+细胞的比例,加入bFGF继续培养,得到类 胰岛组织细胞。这些细胞表达145pgμg的鼠胰岛素Ⅰ和Ⅱ,而且其表达受葡萄糖诱 导,还表达胰岛淀粉多肽(isleta myloid polypepˉtide),GLUT2等胰岛细胞标 志。但将这些细胞移植入糖尿病小鼠后,未能使其血糖正常化。(3)Soriˉa [ 29]通过转基因技术将基因插件插入到小鼠胚胎干细胞中,经潮霉素(hygromyci n)筛选,获得含上述基因插件的干细胞,扩增后用G418筛选,从而获得纯化的胰 岛。   参考文献   1 Docherty K.Growth and development of theislets of Langerhans:impl icaˉtions for the treatment of diabetes mellitus.Current Opinionin Pha rmacoloˉ gy,2001,1:641-650.   2 Ferber S,Halkin,Cohen H,et al.Pancreatic and duodenal homeobox gene1in duce expression if insulin genes in liver and ameliorates stre pto otoc in induced hyperglycemia.NatMed,2000,6:568-572.   3 Mckinnon CM,Docherty K.Pancreatic duodenal homeobox1,PDX1,aˉm ajorregulator ofβcell function and identity.Diabetologia,2001,44:120 3-1214.   4 Dutta S,Gannon M,Peers B,et al.PDX:PBX complexe sare required for normal proliferation of pancreatic cells during development.PNAS,2 001,98(3):1065-1070.   5 Gu G,Dubauskaite J,Melton D A.Direct evidence for the pancreati c linˉeage:NGN3+cells are islet progenitors and are distinct from duct proˉgenitors.Development,2002,129:2447-2457.   6 Docherty K.Growth and development of the islets of Langerhans:imp licaˉtions for the treatment of diabetes mellitus.Current Opinionin Ph armacoloˉgy,2001,1:641-650.   7 Lee JC,SmithSB,WatadaH,et al.Reg ulation of the pancreaticpro enˉdocrine gene neurogenin3.Diabetes,2001,0:928936.   8 Gasa R,Mrejen C,Leachman N,et al.Proendocrine genes coordinate the pancreatic islet differentiation program in vitro.Proc Natl Acad S ci U S A,2004,7101(36):13245-13250.   9 Mellitzer G,Martin M,Sidhoum-Jenny M,et al.Pancreatic islet pr oˉgenitor cells in Neurogenin3-YFP knock-add-on mice.Mol Enˉdocrinol, 2004,5.   10 Leon-Quinto T,Jones J,Skoudy A,et al.In vitro directed differ entiˉation of mouse embryonic stem cells into insulin-producing cells. Diaˉbetologia,2004,29.   11 Guo Y,Costa R,Ramsey H,et al.The embryonic stem cell transcri ption factors Oct-4and FoxD3interact to regulate endodermal-specific pr oˉmoter expression.Proc Natl Acad Sci USA,2002,99:3663-3667.   12 Chiang MK,Melton DA.Single-cell transcript analysis of pancreas development.Dev-Cell,2003,4(3):383-393.   13 BergerA.Transplanted pancreatic stem cells can reverse diabetesi n mice.BMJ,2000,320(3):736.   14 G nterK J.Ontogeny,differentiation and growth of the endocrine panˉcreas.Virchows Arch,2000,436:527-538.   15 Peters J,Jurgensen A,Kloppel G.Ontogeny,differentiation and g rowth of the endocrine pancreas.Virchows Arch,2000,436:527-538.   16 Rachdi L,Ghazi LE,Bernex F,et al.Expression of the

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