高二英语第十九单元A Freedom Fighter
er . In the streets , sleepy - eyed people were moving quickly , heading towards their jobs . This was the beginning of another ordinary day in New York City . 一大早睡眼惺惺的人们匆匆赶路，前去上班，没有任何异常的迹象，这又是纽约城一个平常的日子的开始。
6. while
while 可以用作连词，也可以用作名词。
1) while 作为从属连词，意为 “ 当……时候 ” 时，相当于 when 引导一个时间状语从句。从句中的谓语动词通常是持续性动词。例如：
He can still breathe while his head is under water .
While ( we were ) walking along the river , we saw fish swimming about
in the water .
2) while 作为等立连词，连接两个并列分句时，这两个分句在意义上形成鲜明的正
反对比。这时 while 的意义近似于 but 。例如：
Jim is lazy while his sister is diligent .
We were busy here and there , while he had nothing to do .
Some products sell well , while others don\'t . 有些产品很畅销，而其它产品却卖不出去。
3) while 作为从属连词，引导让步状语从句，这时 while 的意义相当于 though 。
例如：
While (＝Though ) she respected the manager , she didn\'t like him .
While the operation on him was successful , he couldn\'t get back to the former state of health . 4) while 作为名词，可以表示 ( 一段 ) 时间。例如：
Please wait a while . ( a while ＝ a moment; a minute ) 请等一会。
The test will be carried out in a little while . ( a little while ＝ a short time )
I haven\'t seen you for a long while . ( for a long while ＝ for a long time )
单元词组思维运用
1. on the march在行军中，在进行，在游行
What happened on the march then ?
A new market economy is on the march .
2. be treated as = be regarded as , be considered as
3. join in参加（比赛，活动等）
Will you join us in a walk ?
She joined me in thanking you for your gift .
4. and then然后，接着
He went to Shanghai , and then HangZhou .
5. over and over again = over and over , again and again一再，反复
I’ve warned you , over and over again , not to do that .
6. put … in prison把 …… 投入监狱
The man was put in prison for stealing a car .
注意：在该短语的prison前无冠词。试比较：
He had been in prison for 20 years .
There is a prison in the city and there are about three thousands prisoners in the prison .
7. be in bad condition条件很差，情况不好
His health is in bad condition .
8. have (much) success取得（许多）成就
They have had great / much success in their research .
9. set / give an example to sb给某人树立榜样
Lei Feng set a good example to all of us .
set an example in doing在……树立榜样
10. have no rights to do没有权利干某事
You have no right to read my letter .
11. at this time此刻，此时，就在这时。this time这一次。
12. on the east coast of在……的东海岸
A beautiful city lies on the coast of the sea .
13. force sb to do强迫某人干……
14. from then on = from that time on从那时起。from now on = from today on从今以后
15. make an enemy of使……成为敌人，引起 …… 的敌视
If you say that , you will make an enemy of her .
16. work as从当，从事
He works as a bus driver .
17. send round派人送某物；分发；使传阅
Please send the invitations round .
18. give in屈服、让步、投降、交上
She refused to give in before the enemy .
19. for some time有一段时间。暂时，一会儿
20. separate … from把……和……分开
For us , love of our country cannot separated from love of our hometown .
21. set … free = give …freedom释放
22. make a speech演讲；讲话
23. judge… by / from …根据……判断
Judged by his words , he got angry .
24. far from远离，远非
He is far from well . 他一点也不健康。
25. side by side with = close together with并肩地；紧挨地
26. by now = by this time到这时，到现在，迄今
He has worked there a long time by now .
27. stop … from + ing = prevent sb from +ing阻止干……
28. huge numbers of = numbers of为数不少的，很多的
Huge numbers of people came from all over the country .
单元难点疑点思路明晰
1. The money spent on educating a black child was just one fourth of that spent on each white child . 用于每个黑人儿童的教育经费，只有每个白人儿童的四分之一。
〖明晰〗（1）spent on educating a black child和spent on each white child都是过去分词短语作定语，相当于两个定语从句，分别修饰先行词money和that 。
(2) 句中的that是代词，代替前面提到的the money 。代词that可用来代替前面提到的事物（单数名词或者不可数名词），以避免重复这个名词，但必须是这一名词在第二次出现时有后置定语。如：
Their cotton output (产量) of 1999 was double that of 1998 .
The sweater he wears today is different from that he wore yesterday .
The study of idiom is as important as that of grammar .
(3) 如果前面提到的是复数名词，后面就用those来代替。如：
The recorders we made this year are better than those we made last year .
(4) 替代词that和one都可以代替前面出现过的名词，但that用于特指，相当于“the + 名词”。one用于泛指，相当于“a / an + 名词”。one的复数形式是ones 。that只能代替事物，不能代替人。one可以代替人或者事物。that不能有前置修饰语，但可有后置修饰语；one一般可有前置修饰语，也可以有后置修饰语。请同学们仔细观察下列各句：
Mary’s handwriting is far better than that of Peter .
The book is more difficult than those we have before .
I’m looking for a house . I’d really like one with a garden .
The blue car looks nicer than the red one .
2. I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the colour of their skin but by the content of their character .
【妙文赏析】
I HAVE A DREAM我有一个梦想
──Martin Luther Jr. 马丁•路德•金
…
I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia, sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave-owners, will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood. I have a dream that one day even the state of Mississippi, a state sweltering with the heat of injustice, sweltering with the heat of oppression, will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice.
《高二英语第十九单元A Freedom Fighter(第3页)》
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6. while
while 可以用作连词，也可以用作名词。
1) while 作为从属连词，意为 “ 当……时候 ” 时，相当于 when 引导一个时间状语从句。从句中的谓语动词通常是持续性动词。例如：
He can still breathe while his head is under water .
While ( we were ) walking along the river , we saw fish swimming about
in the water .
2) while 作为等立连词，连接两个并列分句时，这两个分句在意义上形成鲜明的正
反对比。这时 while 的意义近似于 but 。例如：
Jim is lazy while his sister is diligent .
We were busy here and there , while he had nothing to do .
Some products sell well , while others don\'t . 有些产品很畅销，而其它产品却卖不出去。
3) while 作为从属连词，引导让步状语从句，这时 while 的意义相当于 though 。
例如：
While (＝Though ) she respected the manager , she didn\'t like him .
While the operation on him was successful , he couldn\'t get back to the former state of health . 4) while 作为名词，可以表示 ( 一段 ) 时间。例如：
Please wait a while . ( a while ＝ a moment; a minute ) 请等一会。
The test will be carried out in a little while . ( a little while ＝ a short time )
I haven\'t seen you for a long while . ( for a long while ＝ for a long time )
单元词组思维运用
1. on the march在行军中，在进行，在游行
What happened on the march then ?
A new market economy is on the march .
2. be treated as = be regarded as , be considered as
3. join in参加（比赛，活动等）
Will you join us in a walk ?
She joined me in thanking you for your gift .
4. and then然后，接着
He went to Shanghai , and then HangZhou .
5. over and over again = over and over , again and again一再，反复
I’ve warned you , over and over again , not to do that .
6. put … in prison把 …… 投入监狱
The man was put in prison for stealing a car .
注意：在该短语的prison前无冠词。试比较：
He had been in prison for 20 years .
There is a prison in the city and there are about three thousands prisoners in the prison .
7. be in bad condition条件很差，情况不好
His health is in bad condition .
8. have (much) success取得（许多）成就
They have had great / much success in their research .
9. set / give an example to sb给某人树立榜样
Lei Feng set a good example to all of us .
set an example in doing在……树立榜样
10. have no rights to do没有权利干某事
You have no right to read my letter .
11. at this time此刻，此时，就在这时。this time这一次。
12. on the east coast of在……的东海岸
A beautiful city lies on the coast of the sea .
13. force sb to do强迫某人干……
14. from then on = from that time on从那时起。from now on = from today on从今以后
15. make an enemy of使……成为敌人，引起 …… 的敌视
If you say that , you will make an enemy of her .
16. work as从当，从事
He works as a bus driver .
17. send round派人送某物；分发；使传阅
Please send the invitations round .
18. give in屈服、让步、投降、交上
She refused to give in before the enemy .
19. for some time有一段时间。暂时，一会儿
20. separate … from把……和……分开
For us , love of our country cannot separated from love of our hometown .
21. set … free = give …freedom释放
22. make a speech演讲；讲话
23. judge… by / from …根据……判断
Judged by his words , he got angry .
24. far from远离，远非
He is far from well . 他一点也不健康。
25. side by side with = close together with并肩地；紧挨地
26. by now = by this time到这时，到现在，迄今
He has worked there a long time by now .
27. stop … from + ing = prevent sb from +ing阻止干……
28. huge numbers of = numbers of为数不少的，很多的
Huge numbers of people came from all over the country .
单元难点疑点思路明晰
1. The money spent on educating a black child was just one fourth of that spent on each white child . 用于每个黑人儿童的教育经费，只有每个白人儿童的四分之一。
〖明晰〗（1）spent on educating a black child和spent on each white child都是过去分词短语作定语，相当于两个定语从句，分别修饰先行词money和that 。
(2) 句中的that是代词，代替前面提到的the money 。代词that可用来代替前面提到的事物（单数名词或者不可数名词），以避免重复这个名词，但必须是这一名词在第二次出现时有后置定语。如：
Their cotton output (产量) of 1999 was double that of 1998 .
The sweater he wears today is different from that he wore yesterday .
The study of idiom is as important as that of grammar .
(3) 如果前面提到的是复数名词，后面就用those来代替。如：
The recorders we made this year are better than those we made last year .
(4) 替代词that和one都可以代替前面出现过的名词，但that用于特指，相当于“the + 名词”。one用于泛指，相当于“a / an + 名词”。one的复数形式是ones 。that只能代替事物，不能代替人。one可以代替人或者事物。that不能有前置修饰语，但可有后置修饰语；one一般可有前置修饰语，也可以有后置修饰语。请同学们仔细观察下列各句：
Mary’s handwriting is far better than that of Peter .
The book is more difficult than those we have before .
I’m looking for a house . I’d really like one with a garden .
The blue car looks nicer than the red one .
2. I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the colour of their skin but by the content of their character .
【妙文赏析】
I HAVE A DREAM我有一个梦想
──Martin Luther Jr. 马丁•路德•金
…
I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia, sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave-owners, will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood. I have a dream that one day even the state of Mississippi, a state sweltering with the heat of injustice, sweltering with the heat of oppression, will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice.
《高二英语第十九单元A Freedom Fighter(第3页)》
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