Planting trees

　　B: OK. Make sure that it is straight.

　　A: Is it straight (now)?

　　B: More or less!

　　3. B: What's next?

　　A: Put the tree in the hole now/The tree must be put in the hole now.

　　B: OK. I've done that.

A: Right. I'll put the earth back in the hole again while you hold the tree straight. Then, let's push the earth down hard with our feet several times.

　　4. B: Good. Now the tree must be tied to the top of the stick to keep it straight.

　　A: OK. While you're doing that, I'll go and get some water.

　　B: OK. But can we go and have a drink after that?

　　A: A drink? We've only just started! There are twenty more trees to be planted.

　　(Certainly. Let's go. But we have twenty more trees to be planted. )

　　◆有关读写方面的教学建议

　　在阅读的教学过程中，一定要重视语篇的教学，也就是说，在教学的过程中，教师不要过分的强调句子的结构或者是过分的强调句子的语法功能分析，而忽略了文章的本来面目。例如，文章的结构，文章的主题句，文章的基本段落的中心意义等。允其要引导学生将文章中的个别句子放在上下文的语境中进行准确理解。在教学本单元阅读课文时，教师首先要让学生了解课文大意，然后帮助学生分段理解，并可划分段落，找出主题句(topic sentence)。在本课结束时，学生应能复述课文。

　　在阅读前，教师可设置如下问题，让学生猜测并讨论，以引起他们的阅读兴趣。

　　What's the Great Green Wall?

　　Where does China build the Great Green Wall?

　　What does the Great Green Wall do?

　　在学生讨论过程中，教师可利用学生用书第III页彩图和教师用书提供的材料 (Notes)，适当给学生们补充一些背景知识 。

　　T: Sanbei shelter-forest (三北防护林) is known as China’s “Great Green Wall”. It is a “Great Green Wall” of trees, millions of trees. China has built a new Great Green Wall across the northern part, including Inner Mongolia, Shanxi, Hebei, Beijing and Tianjin. The Great Green Wall also covers some of the Northwest (Xinjiang, Qinghai, Gansu, Ningxia and Shanxi) and the western part of the Northeast (Liaoning, Jilin and Heilongjiang). It includes altogether 13 provinces, cities and autonomous regions (自治区). Its total area is 4, 069, 000 square kilometres, which cover 42.4% of the land of China. The building of the Great Green Wall will take 73 years (1978—2050). The Great Green Wall has already saved a lot of land by stopping the wind from blowing the earth away and the sand from moving towards the rich farmland in the south. But more “Great Green Walls” are still needed not only in China but all over the world.

　　教师在介绍背景知识时，可借助中国地图、手势等使学生大致了解，必要时可用汉语解释。文中划线句子为课文中原句或对原句稍加改动的句子。教师在讲到这些句子时可适当强调、重复，以加深学生的印象。

　　然后让学生打开书阅读课文。在确知大部分学生已基本掌握课文大意的情况下，要求他们划分课文段落并找出每个段落的主题句 (topic sentence)。然后对文章进行段落的划分。然后让学生归纳出每个段落的大意。

　　课文的段落划分和主题句或大意如下：

　　第一段：第l自然段

　　主题句：Forests help to keep water from running away.

　　第一段大意：The importance of forests;

　　第二段：第2—3自然段

　　主题句：Chinese people have built a new Great Wall.

　　第二段大意：Something about the Great Wall in China   

　　第三段：第 4—6自然段

　　主题句：The more trees there are, the better harvests we have.

　　第三段大意：Something about a worker, who works on the Green Great Wall, thinks highly about the Green Great Wall.
教师还可以让学生填写下表：

THE GREAT GREEN WALL

Special features

across the northern part of China，7，0OO kilometres long，between

400 and l700 kilometres wide

Functions

It stops the wind from blowing the earth away; and stops the sand from moving toward the rich farmland in the south. It has saved a lot of land.

Wang Feng and other workers

They work at Yulin in Shaanxi. They have planted ten thousand tree this year. It’s difficult to work on the Great Green Wall. They have to grow their own food.

　　提取主题词（key words）也有助于帮助学生复述课文大意。

Forests

keep from, water, soil, floods

China

copy, across, is…long and between…and …wide, stop…from, save, needed, all over the world

Wang Feng

　　work on…, visit, among, ask, plant, over there, on the hill, five years ago, in a few years’ time, be covered, point to, difficult, grow food, thanks to

　　在进行写作训练时，可以要求学生仿照课文，写一篇以How to plant flowers in the garden 为题目作文。

关于带情态动词的被动语态的教学建议

　　本单元在前两个单元学习一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态的基础上，继续学习带情态动词的被动语态。 

　　在第41课，以显著的位置展示题为“HOW TO PLANT A TREE”的操作规程（instructions），教师如果仅仅是按部就班地讲解，就会使学生感到枯燥乏味。要充分利用课文中所提供的情景，在有意义的情景中教学语法知识。例如，教师可利用简笔画来引出新的语法知识。