民主的尴尬:从选举团制度看美国选举政治
选总统的国民选票数未能过半数,所以可行性不大。另一种也是采取全国直接选举方式,但实行过半多数制,允许多轮投票,国民选票数过半的候选人当选美国总统,此法虽能避免出现“少数票”的总统,但对现行美国宪法和美国政治文化的冲击仍然很大,所以阻力也很大。
综上所述,作为美国总统选举政治核心内容的选举团制度,由于结构性原因,出现了一系列危机和问题,而问题的关键是对国民性民主原则的背离。在信息化与民主化的今天,选举团制度将面临比以往更大的挑战和变革的压力。2002年中期选举之后,新一轮美国总统大选又将很快拉开帷幕,选举团制度又将面临一次新的考验。
【参考文献】
[1]Robert Dudley,Alan R.Gitelson.American Elections——The Rules Matter[M].New York:Addison-Wesley Educational Publisher Inc.,2002.
[2]Gary L.Gregg Ⅱ.Securing Democracy-Why We Have an Electoral College[M].Wilmington:ISI Books,2001.
[3]League of women voters.Who Should Elect the President?[M].DC:Congressional Quarterly Inc.,1969.
[4]Rhodes Cook.How Congress Gets Elected[M].DC:Congressional Quarterly Inc.,2000.
[5]George C Edwards.Government in American:People,Politics and Policy[M].CO:Harpercollins College Publishers,1996.
[6]Joseph S.Nye ed.Governance.com:Democracy in the Information Age[M].DC:Brookings Institution Press,2002.
[7]Patricia H.Conley.Presidential Mandates:How Elections Shape the National Agenda[M].Chicago:the University of Chicago Press,2001.
《民主的尴尬:从选举团制度看美国选举政治(第3页)》
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综上所述,作为美国总统选举政治核心内容的选举团制度,由于结构性原因,出现了一系列危机和问题,而问题的关键是对国民性民主原则的背离。在信息化与民主化的今天,选举团制度将面临比以往更大的挑战和变革的压力。2002年中期选举之后,新一轮美国总统大选又将很快拉开帷幕,选举团制度又将面临一次新的考验。
【参考文献】
[1]Robert Dudley,Alan R.Gitelson.American Elections——The Rules Matter[M].New York:Addison-Wesley Educational Publisher Inc.,2002.
[2]Gary L.Gregg Ⅱ.Securing Democracy-Why We Have an Electoral College[M].Wilmington:ISI Books,2001.
[3]League of women voters.Who Should Elect the President?[M].DC:Congressional Quarterly Inc.,1969.
[4]Rhodes Cook.How Congress Gets Elected[M].DC:Congressional Quarterly Inc.,2000.
[5]George C Edwards.Government in American:People,Politics and Policy[M].CO:Harpercollins College Publishers,1996.
[6]Joseph S.Nye ed.Governance.com:Democracy in the Information Age[M].DC:Brookings Institution Press,2002.
[7]Patricia H.Conley.Presidential Mandates:How Elections Shape the National Agenda[M].Chicago:the University of Chicago Press,2001.