Shopping

　　教师首先让学生学习第54课课文，让他们找出含有过去完成时和现在完成时的句子。如：

　　1) She had searched the Internet for two hours when she found an ad for the Canon digital camera.

　　2) After she had found more information,. . .

　　3) After he had checked out all the information about different kinds of cameras, . . .

　　让学生观察过去完成时与现在完成时在构成上的差异，如had或have+过去分词，时间状语的不同。

　　再要求学生比较过去完成时与一般过去时的不同，并且画出时间线，以比较两种时态。

教师此时再让学生思考已找出的句子的前后语境，尤其要区分一般过去时与过去完成时

　　的不同用法。本单元出现的过去完成时态，学生只要掌握过去完成时在什么情况下使用，表达什么时间意义即可，因为下一单元还会继续学习这个时态。根据上例，变化主语的数，要求学生做相应的句型转换练习，其中包括陈述句，疑问句及其肯定与否定回答。

　　关于so that句型的教学建议

　　由so…that引导的状语从句是本单元另一个语法重点。这个语法点并不难理解，教师应使学生认识这个句型表达的意思； so后面是跟形容词还是副词由so前面的谓语动词类型决定。

　　教师事先准备好画有jacket, shoes, socks, shirt, sweater, suit, trousers等衣物的图片，以及写有cost so much, cost so little, cheap, expensive, long, small等词的卡片。把he，she，we，they，John，I写在黑板上，然后出示相应的图片和卡片，造句如下：

　　The jacket cost so much that he didn't buy it.

　　This pair of trousers are so long that I can't wear them.

　　…

　　教师先让全班做快速口头造句练习，然后板书一部分例句，简要分析这个句型的构成及意义和使用场合。接着半班，行排之间进行快速口头连锁造句比赛。两组轮流造句，不能重复。教师限定时间，造句多且准确的组为优胜。接着要求学生口头完成练习册练习题。检查核对答案后，根据Study and practise和上面口头完成的两个练习，笔头造句。并要他们注意使用不同类型的谓语动词。对造句子多且好的学生应予以奖励。 

　　关于购物用语的教学建议

　　本单元教学的主要交际项目是有关“购物 (shopping)”的日常用语。这个交际项目曾在第一册、第二册出现过。本单元的教学应在归纳总结以前知识的基础上，采用多种教学手段和教学形式，使学生对“购物”这项交际项目有更全面的了解，并逐步掌握购物过程中“挑选物品、询问价格、做出决定”的不同表达形式。建议教师采用如下教学步骤：

　　教师准备出示画有shop, sweater，shoes的图片或学习用品的实物，并要求一位学习好的学生配合教师演示如下对话：

　　1. (出示sweater 图片)

　　T: My sweater is worn out.

　　S: You can buy one in the shop. It sells clothes there.

　　T: I want to go shopping now. Can you come with me, please? I can't decide which sweater to buy.

　　S: Let me help you.

　　2. S shopkeeper: What can I do for you?

　　C customer: I'd like two woolen sweaters for my friend.

　　S: Well, which colour do you like?

　　C: Blue.

　　S: What size do you want?

　　C: Size Ten.

　　S: What about this one?

　　C: It looks nice. Can I try it on, please?

　　S: Certainly.

　　C: Well, how much does it cost?

　　S: Eighty-five yuan.

　　C: Oh. That's cheap. I'll have it, please.

　　以上两段对话基本上是在复习以前所学的有关购物的表达法，其间穿插了一些本单元第53课要学习的词语和句子。这样通过看教师的演示，学生复习、巩固了以往所学的知识，并逐渐接触新语言点，为下一步学习做好辅垫。

　　在学生们理解的基础上，教师出示shoes的图片，再次演示以上对话(注意对话中名词、

　　代词及谓语动词等要作相应的变化)，并将主要句型板书于黑板上。然后全班、半班操练，以巩固这些句型。

　　下一步教师要学生听第53课录音。然后全班、半班、行排、两人一组分角色练习这段对话。

　　教第二部分对话时，教师可要学生听录音数遍或与事前安排好的学生演示数遍，使学生熟悉对话内容。在他们未学过的语句上，教师予以强调。然后分角色进行全班、半班、行排、两人小组操练。

　　最后教师引导学生归纳总结“购物(shopping)”的日常交际用语。

　　选购物品：售货员可以说以下的话：

　　Can I help you? What can I do for you? Which would you like? How many/much do you

　　want? Is that all? Do you like…? What about …? Which one/ colour / …do you like? What

　　size do you want? Is this one better? OK/Certainly. Here you are. No hurry. Please take your

　　time! I'm afraid we haven't got any …in that size at the moment. I'm sorry. We've sold out.

　　the… in your size. But we've got some… ones.

　　顾客可以说的话：

　　I want to buy (some) … (for…) this evening/afternoon/morning. Thank you. / Yes, please. I want … of..., please. I would like ..., please. I'd like… for … No. And some …please. I want some … About… (数量), please. We'll/Ill have a look at the …Thank you. I like the colour, but it's/they're too… /No, the colour's too .... It's great, but it's not… enough. /They are great, but they're not …enough. I prefer…, but this… is too… ! That's too … Yes. That's just right. Have you got any other kind/ colour /size? That looks nice/great. Can/May I try them/it on, please? Have you got anything cheaper?

　　谈论价格并做决定：（顾客）How much does it cost?/ How much do they cost? How much are these things? That's (much) too expensive, I'm afraid. That's (quite) cheap/dear. That's a bit expensive. I like it, but it costs too much. / I like them, but they cost too much. I can't decide. I'll take it. I'll just buy…

　　售货员：Let me see…(价格),…yuan /dollars please. You haven't paid for it yet. That's the cheapest/most expensive … we have, I'm afraid.

教学目标

　　教学目标与要点

　　1．掌握本单元的词汇和短语。特别是be worn out，a pair of，try…on， think about等的用法。

　　2．学习过去完成时态的基本概念、构成，掌握它的肯定、否定和疑问形式及其简略答语。

　　3．掌握且能熟练运用有关挑选物品、询问价格、做出决定等购物的交际用语，学会安