In the library
I'll pay you five yuan for it.我将为此给你五元钱。
I'm afraid can't pay you anything for it.我恐怕不能为此给你任何报酬。
She used to be a Chinese teacher. 她以前是一位语文老师。
used to意为“过去经常”,它只有过去式,用于各种人称的单、复数,表示过去存在的,
但现在已经停止的情况或习惯,后接动词原形。例如:
They used to come on foot,but they don’t do that again. They often come by bus. 他们过去经常步行来,现在不了。他们经常乘车来。
used to是表示过去经常重复的动作。在表示过去的习惯时,used to是比较规则的习惯,它与would不太一样,would侧重于叙述过去的光景,used to侧重于和现在相对照。
used to的疑问形式和否定形式可以用助词did或自身形成构成。美国人多用助动词 did;英国人多用used to本身。如:
–Did you use to go there?
–Yes, very often./No, only seldom.
I used not to like Beijing opera, but now I’m very fond of it.我过去不喜欢京戏,但现在非常喜欢。
他过去不常抽烟。
注意区分be used to所表示的意思是“习惯于……”,后跟名词或动名词,used是一个形容词。例如:
I’m not used to drinking.我不习惯喝酒。
She is used to running in the morning.她习惯早上跑步。
have got
I think I've got one.我想我有一个。
英语中表示“所有”用have,口语中常用 have got,其否定形式为haven't got,疑问形式为Have…got…?在美国英语中常使用don't have,Do… have…?例如:
I've got a book about chemistry. = I have a book about chemistry.我有一本化学书。
He hasn't got an umbrella. = He doesn't have an umbrella. 他没有雨伞。
–Have you got a pencil sharpener? = Do you have a pencil sharpener?
–Yes, here you are.
Have you got …?句型教学建议
利用初一学过的表示“拥有”的交际用语引出“have got”句型,讲解可先不讲解它的时态:现在完成时。
1.教师先和一个学生进行下面的对话。
T: Excuse me, Do you have a dictionary?
S: Yes, I do.
T: May I borrow them, please?
S: Certainly. Here you are.
T: Thank you.
教师接过dictionary后,说:
I have a dictionary
I have got a dictionary
并在黑板上板书:have got … ,然后让学生反复跟读。然后告诉学生这就是我们今天所要学的新句型:This is another way of saying “Do you have …?”
2.教师可逐一取出一些画片,边取边对学生说:I have got a …或拿出一些实物进行上面的句型练习。(a cup, a pen, a ruler, an eraser, a book等。)
关于课文The Lost Books教学建议
1.在教学本课的课文The Lost Books之前,先就本课Part 1的两个问题让学生进行回答,并写一段短文关于自己如何爱书,以及从图书馆借书的经历,然后让学生作演讲。如:
I like reading very much, because I’ve learned a lot from the book I read. I’ve bought many books and has got a small library of zoo interesting books. They are about many different subjects such as foreign languages, maths, history, geography and interesting stories. But my own library is still too small to meet my needs. I often borrow books from the school library. It has a great number of books. Many of them are very interesting. I’ve read so many interesting books in the school reading room. I’m a careful boy/girl. I never lose any library book. But some of my classmates do. When they are in such a trouble, I help them. I sometimes help them to buy new books. I even pick out the best books from my book shelves and give them to my friend in trouble. I believe a friend in need is a friend indeed.
2.让学生默读课文,回答练习册第2课练习1的8个问题。
3.把课文The Lost Books改成对话,由两个学生分别扮演grandma和 librarian,表演一遍,然后让学生轮换角色,以便更多的学生参加演出。实现学生自编——自导——自演——语言探究活动的过程。
教学目标
1.学习现在完成时态的构成以及与现在的关系和对时间状语的要求,以及现在完成时 的陈述句形式和疑问句形式及其简略答语是本单元的教学重点。要求学生能初步运用现在完 成时态谈论一些过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响,掌握过去分词的构成。
2.能够熟练运用本单元有关“借物、寻物”的交际用语,正确运用Have you got…? 和Do you have…?及其简略答语。
3.掌握本单元的单词和短语,特别是used to,pay for,think of等用法。
4.利用阅读课文来培养学生的阅读理解能力和根据上下文判断生词词义的能力,并逐 步提高对学生阅读速度的要求。
5.要求学生能用自己组织的语言,对课文故事予以简述。
教学建议
单元内容分析
本单元主要教学现在完成时态,围绕“The lost book”开展教学活动。学习了有关“借物和寻物”的交际用语以及到图书馆借阅图书及相关事项,着重使用了“Have you got…”这种句式,通过对话,教学了现在完成时态的用法和构成,重点分析过去某个动作对现在造成的影响或结果。学习了过去分词的构成和动词加一ed后的读音,if引导的从句中时态的使用,同时还学习了一些同义词、近义词的用法与区别。
ago 与before
ago与before 是两个表示“以前”的概念的单词。在用法上,它们的区别是较大的。
1)ago和一般过去时的动词连用,表现现在以前的过去时间,它不能用于完成时态,例如:
Your friend was here a week ago, wasn't he? Of course he was.
before可以和完成时态连用,也常常与never连用,表示在早先或过去的某时间的“以前”。
例如:
I never met him before. He's new to me.
下面以three years ago和three years before为例来进行比较。three years ago用于过去时态,
表示从今天算起的“三年以前”;而three year before用于过去完成时态,表示从三年以前算
《In the library(第2页)》