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Water sports


iew about Li Lida who first tried to cross the Qiongzhou Channel in June, 2000。

句型及日常交际用语

1. both … and …
2. neither … nor …
3. not only … but also …
4. 主句+ though + 从句
5. one of
6. No matter +wh-词
7. - How long have you been here in Sydney?
  - Since last Wednesday.
  - I have been here for two weeks already.
8. -Has anybody done sth. before?
  -We have. / Bruce has. /Nobody has. / …
9. -Have you ever been to + 地点?
 -Yes, I have. No, I haven't. /Never. / …
10. He has gone to + 地点
11. -Would you like to have a try?
  -Yes, very much.

本单元重点例句及相关知识的讲解

1.What's the surfing like today? 今天冲浪怎么样?
  surf作名词,意为"拍岸之浪,拍岸浪花";作动词用,意为"冲浪,作冲浪运动"。surfing是surf的动名词形式,surfer意为"冲浪者,冲浪运动员"。surfing是一项水上运动,水上运动的项目还有water-skiing滑水,water polo水球,dive跳水,Swim游泳。

2.Have you ever been to Hawaii? 你去过夏威夷吗?
  have been to. . .意思是"到过,去过",表示曾到过某地,但此时人已不在那儿了。而have gone to…意思是"去了某地",现在人可能在去的途中或已在那个地方了,而不在说话人处。例如:
  (1)Have you ever been to Hong Kong? 你曾经去过香港吗?
  (2)Jim has gone to England. 吉姆去英国了。
  (3)Where is Lily? Has she gone to the library? 莉莉在哪儿?她去图书馆了吗?

3.The beaches there are better than the ones here 中的the ones如何理解和使用?
  这里的ones代表前面出现beaches。one用于表示前面同名称的一类事物。ones表示复数概念。例如:
  -Have you a watch? -Yes, I have a good one.
  一你有表吗?一有,我有一块好表。
  -Have you got any pens? -Yes, I have got many good ones.
  一你有钢笔吗?一有,我有许多好钢笔。
  注意:在用one(ones)作代词时,有几点要慎重:
  ①序数词不能用one代替,伴有基数词的名词可用one,ones代替。例如:
  As we have finished the first chapter, now we'll read the second.
  我们读完了第一章,现在读第二章了。
  (不能将 the second改为 one)
  He has two red pencils and two blue ones.
  他有两支红铅笔和两支蓝铅笔。
  ②it(them)和one(ones)同是作代词,代替前面出现的事,但用法不同。
  让用于同名称的同样事物;one用于同名称的另一样东西。例如:
  -Have you still the radio set? -No. I have sold it.
  一你有收音机吗?一没有,我把它卖了。
  (这里的订是指前面的the radio set,它们是同一个无线电收音机。)
  -Is this fountain pen yours? -No, it is my sister's. Mine is the one on the table.
  一这支自来水钢笔是你的吗?一不,它是我姐姐的。我的是桌上那一支。
  (这里的one不是前面的那支fountain pen,它们不是同一支自来水钢笔。)
  -Do you want the watch? -Yes, I want it.
  一你要买那块表吗?一想买那块表。
  (同一块表,it即:the watch)
  -What are pandas like? -I've never seen one, so I don't know what they are like.
  一熊猫是什么样的?一我从来没见到过,所以不知道熊猫是什么样子。
  (one这里泛指同类事物中的一样东西)

4.I don't know how to surf. 我不知道怎样冲浪。
  how to surf是"疑问词 + 动词不定式"作宾语。英语中,"疑问词 +动词不定式"可作一些及物动词的宾语,疑问词可以是what,which,who,whose等疑问代词,也可以是when,where,how等疑问副词。可以用此结构作宾语的动词有:know,decide,find out,tell,forget,remember,see,understand等。这类简单句往往是由(含特殊疑问句变成的宾语从句的)复合句转化改写而成。例如:
  (1)She didn't know which blouse to buy. ( = She didn't know which blouse she should buy.) 她不知道该买哪件衬衫。
  (2)I'm thinking about what to say. ( = I'm thinking about what I should say. ) 我在考虑说什么。

5.Now it is enjoyed by people all over the world. 现在全世界的人都喜欢这项运动。
  is enjoyed是被动语态,by people all over the world 被全世界的人。这一句也可改写成: People all over the world enjoy it now.

6.It's neither too hot nor too cold all the year round. 全年天气既不太冷也不太热。
  neither… nor… 既不……也不……,它们可以用来连接相同的两个句子成分或词类。如果连接的是主语,则谓语与第二个主语保持一致。
  例:(1) He isn't a student. I'm not a student.
      Neither he nor I am a student.
    (2) He doesn't speak French. He doesn't speak Japanese.
      He speaks neither French nor Japanese.
  Neither…nor的完全肯定形式是:both…and或not only…but also。
  但both…and如连接主语,则谓语动词用复数,not only…but also与第二个主语保持一致。
  例:He likes singing. I like singing, too.
    Both he and I like singing. ( = Not only he but also I like singing. )

7. Li Lida, a 12-year-old schoolboy first tried to cross the Qiongzhou Channel in June, 2000.
  在2000年6月,一个12岁的男生李立达第一次试着横渡琼州海峡。

  (1)21-year-old在这里可以看作是一个合成词,作形容词用,用来修饰schoolboy。在英语中,"数字+量词"构成的复合形容词,中间要加连字符号,量词用单数形式。
  例如:100-metre race 一百米赛跑。
     two-month holiday两个月的假期。
  试比较:The boy is five years old.
      He s a five-year-old boy.
  (2)cross为动词,是"越过、穿过"的意思。意思相近的词有:through(prep).穿过,指从……(内部或空间)中穿行,across(prep).横过,指从物体的表面由这边到另一边。另外,through可作副词用。
  cross与across含义基本相同,但cross是动词。over也可表示"横过;通过",着重强调越过某物,从高空中越过。
  例:(1)Jack was through with the English test.
      杰克通过了这次英语测试。
    (2)The old lady crossed the street carefully and slowly.
      那老妇人慢慢地、小心地走过街去。
    (3)The ship passed through the bridge.
      轮船过了桥。(从桥下穿过)
    (4)The boy climbed over the wall to get his ball.
      那男孩爬过墙去取球。
    (5)The blind man walked across the street slowly.
      那盲人慢慢地走过街道。

8.His teacher, Mr Feng, spoke highly of his students 中的speak highly of ?
  这里的speak highly of是指"高度评价","赞扬"的意思。例如:
  The teachers present all spoke highly of his spirits.
  在场的老师都称赞他的精神。
  We should speak highly of his saving the girl in the cold water against the risk of his life.
  他冒着生命危险,在寒冷的水中救出这个女孩子,应该受到赞颂。
  He was spoken highly of by the girl's parents.
  他受到了女孩子父母的赞扬。
  有关spea

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