Shopping

is computer is high. )

　　The price of this pen is not cheap for him to buy.

　　(上句宜改为：This pen is not cheap for him to buy. 或 The price of this pen is not low for him. )

　　4. shopping online（互联）网上或在线购物

　　5. She wanted to take pictures of this trip.

　　take pictures of this trip在旅游中照相

　　6. As she lives out in the country, there is no place to buy a very good camera.

　　因为她远在乡下居住，那儿没有能买到很好相机的地方。

　　*句中as 是连词，作“由于，因为”解，引导原因状语从句。Because，since，as，for都是说明原因的接续词，because语气最强，表示理由充分，有必然的因果关系，其次是since，表示一种间接或附带的原因，再其次是as、for，只是说明一下，关系是松弛的。如：

　　Everybody likes Tom, as he is kind and honest. Yesterday, we stayed at home because it rained. Someone invited him to dinner. He replied, “As I am ill, I won’t go out”. After he had hung up, he smiled, “I can’t see anything for the fog in fact”. I said, “Since you insist, I have to cook for you ”.

　　*句中to buy a very good camera是动词不定式短语作定语，修饰no place。

　　7. She decided to buy a digital camera online so that it could be sent to her.

　　她决定在网上订购一个数码相机，那样便可以邮寄给她。

　　句中so that意思是“以便，为了 ”，常常引导结果状语从句。“so (such) …that”引导结果状语从句，作“这么……，以至”或“所以”解，so接形容词、副词或分词，而such则接名词。如：

　　Wan Jun does exercises everyday so that she could run fast.

　　万军每天做练习，以便能跑得快。

　　Wan Jun was such a fast runner that he could almost catch up with a deer. = Wan Jun ran so fast that he could almost catch up with a deer.

　　万军跑得这么的快，以至于他的速度几乎能赶上鹿。

　　8. She had searched the Internet for two hours…

　　had searched 是过去完成时。

　　过去完成时的构成：过去完成时由“助动词had（通用于各种人称和数）+过去分词构成。

　　过去完成时的用法：过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。用by、before等构成的短语。

　　9. Mr Sato looked at the ad.

　　ad是缩短词，也可写成advertisement，常见的缩短词还有：dormitory — dorm（宿舍）, popular — pop（流行音乐）, refrigerator — fridge（冰箱）等。

　　10. Then he found ads for other cameras as well.

　　句中as well意思是“亦；也；又；同样”。as well as 引导比较状语从句，意思是“和……做得同样好；和……一样”，as well as里的well是副词，作“好”解。

　　11. …all the information about different kinds of cameras…

　　different kinds of 不同种类的，表达“……这（几）种”可用以下组合：

　　this kind of + 名词原形 + 动词单数

　　these kinds of 名词原形/名词复数 + 动词复数

　　名词复数 + of this kind + 动词复数

　　12. click on the screen  点击屏幕

　　13. A week later Miyoko received the camera she had ordered.

　　she had ordered在这里修饰the camera，指她所订购的那台相机。

　　14.The computer cost so much that she didn’t buy it. 这台计算机太贵一直她买不起。

　 句中的cost表示“花钱”，花费，付出(只能用于钱、精力、生命等；主语必须是物。)

　　The book cost me five yuan. 我花五元钱买了这本书。

　　像take，spend，pay也都表示“花钱”这一用法，但句型不同：take的主语是动词不定式；spend，在主动语句中主语是人；pay的主语是人。be worth是“值得……的”的意思，be worth后接宾语。

　　It took me five yuan to buy the book.. 买这本书花了我五元钱。

　　I spent five yuan on (for) the book.或I spent five yuan (in) buying the book. 我花五元钱买这本书。

　　I paid five yuan for the book. 我花了五元钱买这本书。

　　The book was worth five yuan. 这本书值五元钱。

　　语法讲解

　　The Past Perfect Tense (1)

　　过去完成时态（一）

　　构成：过去完成时由“助动词had（通用于各种人称和数）+过去分词构成。

　　用法：过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。用by、before等构成的短语。

　　Statements 陈述句

　　They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel. 在他们到达旅馆之前，他们已经吃早饭了。

　　从句中“arrived at”到达在“过去”的时间，而“had already had”吃早饭的动作发生在到达之前，因此主句的时态为“过去的过去”。

　　I had finished writing my composition by 10:00 this morning. 今天上午10：00点以前，我已经写完了我的作文。

　　She had searched the internet for two hours when she found an ad for the Canon digital camera. 当她找到了佳能数码照相机的广告时，她已经在因特网上查询了两个小时。

　　I went over what I had written again and again so that I wouldn’t make any mistakes. 我一遍又一遍地检查了我所写的内容，以至我没能出现任何错误。

　　Negative 否定句

　　He remembered he hadn’t paid for it yet. 他记得他没有付款。

　　He said that he had never seen such a beautiful bird before. 他说他在以前从来没有看过这样美丽的鸟。

　　Questions 疑问句

　　How many English flashes had you seen by the end of last term?

　　到上学期期末为止，你们看了多少部英文片。

　　Had you reached the station before ten o’clock.?

　　到十点以前，你们已经到达火车站了吗？

　　关于过去完成时态的教学建议

　　教学时态的最好形式之一是在一定的语境中通过与其他时态的比较来加深学生对这个时态的理解，这样学生首先有个感性认识，然后经过归纳总结，这种感性认识会逐步上升为理性认识。本单元第一次教学过去完成时，前面已教学了现在完成时态和一般过去时态。

　　教师首先让学生学习第54课课文，让他们找出含有过去完成时和现在完成时的句子。如：

　　1) She had searched the Internet for two hours when she found an ad for the Canon digital camera.

　　2) After she had found more information,. . .

　　3) After he had checked out all the information about different kinds of cameras, . . .

　　让学生观察过去完成时与现在完成时在构成上的差异，如had或have+过去分词，时间状语的不同。

　　再要求学生比较过去完成时与一般过去时的不同，并且画出时间线，以比较两种时态。

教师此时再让学生思考已找出的句子的前后语境，尤其要区分一般过去时与过去完成时

　　的不同用法。本单元出现的过去完成时态，学生只要掌握过去完成时在什么情况下使用，表达什么时间意义即可，因为下一单元还会继

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