Unit 23 Resuing the temple

　　这座庙宇是雕凿在岩石中的，外面有四尊巨大的石像。每尊石像有20米高。

　　（1）句中的each of which was 20 metres high是一个非限制性从句。句中had的宾语是four large stone figures，状语on the outside。这种定语从句是由“名词（代词或数词）+介词+关系代词”来引导的。又如：

　　In his house there are three rooms, each of which has a bed.

　　They lived in a house, the door of which opens to the south.

　　China has hundreds of island, the largest of which is Taiwan.

　　These books, two of which I have read, are interesting.

　　（2）除了of which外，还有of whom这种句型。即：“名词/代词/数词+of whom”

　　There are around 100 teachers in our school, most of whom are women.

　　These girls, the youngest of whom is my sister, will dance a waltz for us.

　　Her brothers, both of whom (three of whom) work in Scotland, ring her up every week.

　　(3)除了上述所举的名词、代词、数词外，some, all, none, several, few等词都可接of+ which/ whom的句型。

限制性和非限制性定语从句的区别

　　区别：

　　1)在形式上

　　限制性定语从句的关系词和先行词之间不用逗号分开。

　　非限制性定语从句中两者则用逗号分开。

　　Jack is the kind of people who prefers listening to talking. (限定性)

　　杰克是那种宁愿聆听，不愿讲话的人。

　　The students, some of whom were rather busy, did not spend much time on music. （非限定性）

　　这些学生在音乐上花的时间不多，他们中有些人的确很忙。

　　2)在意义上

　　限制性定语从句说明的是句中的先行词必不可少的情况，它用来限制先行词所指的范围，其内容与先行词关系密切；若去掉此定语从句，剩下的部分则含义不明确、意义不完整或意义完全改变。

　　非限制性定语从句则与先行词关系较松散，只是对先行词做进一步的解释、补充或说明；若去掉此定语从句，整个句子意义一样很明确，不会引起误解和歧义。请看以下例句：

　　Beijing，which Is the capital of China，has developed into an international city．

　　3)在翻译上

　　限制性定语从句一般是直接将定语从句译成先行词的定语成分，如：“……的+先行词”；

　　非限制性定请从句一般则不宜译成先行词的定语成分，其译法相当灵活。常可译成状语从句，来表示原因、目的、结果、条件、让步等意义。我们比较以下例句：

　　The cab drivers who knew abut the traffic jam took another road. 知道那里塞车的出租车司机换了另一条道。（言外之意：不知道的司机则没有换路线，只有部分司机换路线了）

　　The cab drivers，who knew about the traffic Jam，took another load．出租车司机因为知道那里塞车了，他们都换了另一条道。（言外之意：所有司机都知道，都换了行驶路线）

　　4)在口语中

　　一般来说，限制性定语从句做停顿，非限制性定语从内要稍加停顿。

　　注意

　　（1）在非限定性定语从句中不能用关系代词that，其他的关系代词或关系副词根据情况进行选择，

　　(2)在非限定性定语从句中，无论关系词作什么成分都不要省略，如：

　　The mail .whom you met with just now is our English teacher. 你刚才碰到的那个人是我们的英语老师，在这个句子中whom是介词with的宾语，但却不能省略，

　　4)注意as和which引导的非限定性定语从句的不同，as引导的定语从句可以放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，which只能放在主句之后，放在句末时，which译成：“这一点”、“这件事”怎么样？as往往译成“正像”、“正如”，如：

　　He came back on time，as we expected. 他按时回来了，正如大家所希望的。

　　例题：

　　The weather turned out to be very good, _____was more than we could expect.

　　A. What    B. which    C. that   D. it

　　分析：A项what不引导定语从句，D项it不能体现两个分句的逻辑关系C项that不引导非限限制性定语从句。此题答案为B项。

练习：

　　1．His stories, ______this is one example, are all well written.

　　A. which   B. for which  C. of which  D. that

　　2．He bought a lot of books, one of _____a few days before.

　　A. that was published    B. which were published 

　　C. which had come out   D. that had been published

Keys: CC

Lesson 89 Dialogue 教学设计方案

　　本课围绕讨论旅行计划，复习如何提出建议和表达自己的意见的句型。

Teaching Aims:

　　Get the Ss to make suggestion and take advice by using the patterns in the dialogue.

Teaching procedures:

Dialogue Presentation

1.Ask the students the following questions:

　　(1).What do you usually say when you give an opinion about something?

　　(We should …, We’d better…, Why can’t we…, Why not …, Maybe we could…)

　　(2).What do you usually say if you refuse someone’s suggestions ?

　　(I don’t want to…,I’d prefer to …, I think we should…, I’d like to…)

2.After the students listen to the tape, ask them to find out expressions about making plans and giving suggestions.

Dialogue Practice

Practice I. Ask the Ss to fill in the following form with the expressions they hear on the tape.

How to make suggestions

We could…/I’d prefer to…/I’d like to…/Maybe we could…/Can’t we…

How to express agreement to someone’s suggestions

I think that’s a good idea.

How to refuse someone’ suggestions

I don’t feel like doing…/I’d like to…,but not to…/I think we should do that another day.

Practic