中考英语复习 语法(词法Ⅰ)
[例4] (广东省,2003)There is with my computer. It doesn’ t work.
A. nothing wrong B. anything wrong C. wrong something D. something wrong
分析 本题考查形容词与不定代词的位置关系,形容词修饰不定代词应放在不定代词之后,而anything用于否定句和疑问句,由It doesn’ t work知选D。
答案:D
解后反思 考虑词的使用范围并结合语境是解决本题的关键。
【冠词】
[例1] 选择填空
1)Give me_______, please.
A. a cup tea B. two cup of tea C. two cup D. two cups of tea
2)The teacher passed me _____ paper.
A. a piece B. a piece of C. piece of D. a pair of
第1小题主要考查学生对可数名词与不可数名词的掌握情况,tea是不可数名词,不能用数量词直接修饰,但可以用容器表示量,表容器的名词可变为复数形式,即可以说two cups of tea,此题选D。第2小题答案选B。paper一词是不可数的,要表示“一张纸”,英语应为a piece of paper,不能说a paper。
[例2] _____ delicious food you have cooked!
A. How a B. How C. What a D. What
分析 不定冠词表示数量,类似“-”,修饰单数可数名词。不可数名词前不可用a、an修饰。在感叹句“What a/an+ adj.+ n.+(主+谓)!”结构中,名词必是单数可数名词。若是不可数名词应用“What+ adj.+ n.+(主+谓)!”结构。句中food是不可数名词,故答案为D。
[例3] (1)We always have______ rice for ______lunch.
A. /; / B. the; / C. /; a D. the; the
(2)It’s half past four in the afternoon. The students are playing _____ basketball now.
A. / B. an C. a D. the
分析 下列情况不用任何冠词:1)专用名词(John、England)、物质名词(food,rice,water)等前;2)一日三餐的名词前;3)在表示球类运动的名词前。因此第(1)小题正确答案应为A;第(2)小题答案为A。
[例4] (天津市,2003)---What’ s the matter with you?
----I caught bad cold and had to stay in bed
A.a, / B. a, the C. a, a D. the, the]
分析 本题考查冠词的用法和习惯表达。躺在床上译为stay in bed,而感冒译为catch cold或catch a cold,但cold有形容词修饰时则a不可省略。
答案:选A
【数词】
[例1] 1) ______ books must he-produced for the children.
A. Many thousands B. Many thousands of
C. Many thousand of D. Many thousand
2) We've planted ______ trees in the centre of our city this year.
A. hundred B. tow hundreds C. hundred of D .hundreds of
分析本题考查数词的用法。当 thousand或 hundred做数词时,前面一般加数来修饰,其本身没有数的变化,且后不跟of。当它们做名词时,其复数形式为thousands和hundreds,且构成thousands of和hundreds of,后接可数名词的复数形式。
答案分别为 B、D
[例2] About ____ of the workers in the clothes factory are women.
A. third fifths B. third fifth C. three fifths D. three fifth
分析 此题主要考查英语的分数表示法。分子用基数词,分母用序数词。当分子大于1时,分母的序数词后需加“s”。例如:1/3 one third;2/3:two thirds. 通过分析A、B、D三项均错,答案为C。
[例3] July is ________ month of the year.
A. seven B. the seventh C. eight D. the eighth
序数词用来表示数目的顺序,七月份是一年中的第七个月,第七个月的正确表达为the seventh month,所以此题的正确答案为B。
[例4] (重庆市,2003)My favourite is getting stamps. I need before I have 2500 ones.
A. more one B. any more C. one more D. more than
分析 此题考查数词与more相结合的用法,数词+more表示还有(要)……,在此正好符合题意。
答案:选C
解后反思 more than是“多于”之意,any more用于否定句表示“不再”。
【形容词、副词】
[例1] In the exam, the ______ you are, the ______ mistakes you'll make.
A. careful; little B. more careful; less
C. more careful; few D. more careful; fewer
分析 “the+比较级……,the+比较级……”这个句型结构的意思是“越……就越……”或“愈是……则愈是……”。此结构中的比较级可以是形容词,也可以是副词。
答案D
[例2] I’m not sure whether Mary can sing ________ Mabel.
A. as well as B. as good as C. so good as D. as better as
分析 此题考查了两个知识点:(1)副词和形容词用法的区别:(2)as…as句式。句中谓语动词是行为动词,应选副词。B、C项应排除. as…as中间应用副词或形容词原级,所以答案应为A。
[例3] Let’s hope the things can get______.
A. better and better B. well and well C. good and good D. best and best
分析 答案为A。两个比较级并列在一起,表示“越来越……”之意,此句主要考查比较级特殊句型“more and more”结构,该句式表示持续不断变化,其动词常是become, be, get, grew等,又如:Spring has come. It is getting warmer and warmer.
[例4] (甘肃省,2003)I am I want a piece of bread
A. full B. hungry C. tired D. thirsty
分析 此题在语境中考查形容词的用法。由后句意“我要一块面包”说名与“饿”有关,故选B。
答案:选B。
[例5] (天津市,2003)In our city,it’ s in July, nut it is even in August.
A. hotter, hottest B. hot, hot C. hotter, hot D. hot, hotter
分析 此题考查形容词及比较级的用法。前空应填原级,后空有even修饰要用比较级,故选D。
答案:选D
解后反思 如下几个形容词的比较级和最高级要双写最后的辅音字母再加-er或-est。big-bigger-biggest,hot-hotter-hottest,fat-fatter-fattest,thin-thinner-thinnest,wet-wetter-wettest。简记为:大(big),热(hot),湿纸(wet),谁(肥,fat)瘦(thin)?(利用谐音记)
[例6] (山西省太原市,2002)The little girl likes animals. When she heard I would take her to the zoo, she looked at me.
A. happy B. happily C. angry D. angrily
分析 由句意知C、D可以排除,又此句中look at是行为动词而不是连系动词,故选B
答案:B
解后反思 形容词和副词都具有修饰作用,但是各自修饰的对象不同,形容词修饰名词,作定语,或在连系动词后作表语。而副词修饰行为动词,形容词或副词作状语。
【介词】
[例1] 用正确的介词填空。
1)The little girl is looking________ her mother.
2)Thank you ________ your help.
3)Don't read ________ bed.
4)Tom comes ________ the USA.
第1小题要填for,因为look for是一个固定词组,表示寻找的行为。第 2小题填 for,既可说 Thanks for…也可以说 Thank you for…,for后接名词。第3小题填 in。表示“在床上”in bed,一般不说 on bed。第 4小题come from一个固定短语,意思相当于be from,表示“来自…”。
[例2] China lies_______ the east of Asia and ______ the east of Japan.
A. in; on B. to; to
《中考英语复习 语法(词法Ⅰ)(第4页)》