New SBI unit 14 Festivals

he tape. Ask Ss to read after the tape in low voice, and pay attention to the pronunciation, intonation and pause while listening.
1) Kwanzaa is a seven-day festival celebrating the culture and history of African Americans.（现在分词作后置定语，表示名词中心词与分词是主动关系。）
Kwanzaa is a seven-day festival created to celebrate the culture and history of African Americans.（过去分词作后置定语，表示名词中心词与分词是被动关系。）
e.g.那只跟着王老师进来的狗是我家的狗。
The dog following Mr. Wang into the room is my dog.
被一群学生跟在后面的那个男人是我们的王老师。
The man followed by a group of students is our teacher, Mr. Wang.
2) The week following Christmas Day, many African-American families get together to greet the new year and think about the past.
get together: 聚会
e.g. On New Year’s Eve we Chinese get together for a family reunion dinner
get somebody together:把…聚集起来
e.g. Every Monday morning, our school leaders get all the students together to have a meeting.
get-together n.聚集
e.g. Every year my classmates in junior middle school have a get-together.
3)…so that… 表示目的
e.g. He works hard so that he can get high marks in the exam.
…so+adj.+that 从句
e.g. He works so hard that he gets high marks in the exam.
4) in common 共同
e.g. Mr. and Mrs. Li own the store in common.
have something/nothing in common (with sth.) （与…）有共同点
e.g. I have nothing in common with my sister.
5) honour (=honor Am.E) n./v.
n. [ C ] “ 荣幸，使感到光荣的人或事”, 一般用单数形式。
e.g. To host the 29th Olympic Games is a great honour for China.
v. Every year we honour our past relatives and ancestors before a memorial in Tomb Sweeping Festival.
I felt highly honoured when the teacher spoke highly of me before classmates.
in one’s honour; in honour of something/somebody.为了纪念、尊敬某人/某事
e.g. Dragon Boat Festival is created in honour of the famous poet Quyuan.
6) as well as 与…一样好， 不仅…而且
e.g. She cooks as well as her mother.
Christine can speak Japanese as well as English
His children as well as his well were invited to the party.
（A as well as B …谓语动词单复词由A决定）
7）nation, country, state 三者的区别
三个都有“国家”的意思，但侧重点不同。
nation着重指人民、民族、国民。
e.g. The whole nation was in deep sorrow at this bad news.
country着重指疆土、国土、家园，也可指一个人的祖国或国籍所在， 还可指乡村。e.g. The soldier fought bravely for their country.
state着重指政策、政权、政府和国家机器， 还可指组成国家的州，特别是美国。e.g. Highways in China belong to the state./ How many states are there in the United States of America.
8) purpose: with/ for the purpose of (doing) something 表目的
e.g. He went to the supermarket for the purpose of buying something to eat.
on purpose 故意地，特意地
e.g. I came here on purpose to see you .
9) faith: have/ lose faith in…对…有/失去信心
e.g. I have faith in you, you will do it well.
Keep/break faith with somebody 对…某人守/不守信用
e.g. We will not treat him as our friend as he breaks faith with us.
10) believe in … 信仰，信任，赞成
e.g. We believe in his good character.
11) light v. (lighted/ lighted; lit/ lit)

Step 4 Grammar
1. Presentation : Present a sign “No Rubbish”
.
Ask Ss “What can you see in the sign?” “What does the sign tell us?” “Can we throw rubbish in this place?”“Where must we throw the rubbish?” “What should we do if we cannot find a dustbin at once?”
T presents the following two sentences on the screen.
①We mustn’t throw the rubbish in the place with a sign“No Rubbish”, and we must throw the rubbish into the dustbin.
②We have to keep the rubbish in hand or in a plastic bag until we find a dustbin, if we cannot find a dustbin at once.
2. Get Ss to compare the two sentences above and explain how to use the modal verbs“must” & “have to”.
must is often used when you think that it is necessary to do something. have to is often used when someone else thinks it is necessary or there seems to be no other choice.
must is used to talk about an obligation that depends on the person speaking or listening, while have to is generally used to talk about obligations that come from “outside”.
must——subjective have to ——objective
e.g. I must be back by ten every night.( I think it is necessary for me to be back by ten every night.)
I have to be back by ten every night. ( I don’t want to be back by ten every night, maybe my mother thinks it’s necessary.)
3. Tell Ss in informal English, “have got to” can be used instead of “have to”. e.g. It is getting late, I’m afraid I have got to (=have to) go.
4. Forms in tense & Negative form
forms in tense: must, must have to, had to
negative form:
must——must not(mustn’t)(=not be allowed=be forbidden)
have to —— do not have to (don’t have to)(=needn’t)
e.g. It is a secret, you mustn’t tell others.
It is none of your business, I don't have to tell you about this.

Step 5 Practice
1. Look at the following table of greeting manners. Deci

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