“严打”刑事政策的理性反思/杨凡法律论文网

“严打”刑事政策的理性反思

杨凡 湖北五峰县人民法院 443400

内容摘要：

“严打”作为一项刑事政策，伴随了我国近20年的改革开放与经济建设历程。面对日益严峻的治安形势，严打政策应运而生，其产生有其特定的社会背景和社会历史条件。严峻的治安形势是其产生的现实基础；对刑事政策认识的混乱是其产生的思想基础；旧体制旧观念尚未消除是其产生的社会基础；传统的法律文化是其产生的价值基础。诚然，“严打”政策在实践中起到了一定的积极作用，但其局限性和负面效应同样不容忽视。“严打”是对法制的破坏与违反，依法从重从快这一“严打”内涵的内在逻辑矛盾对法制的负面影响是显而易见的，集中体现在依法与从重从快二者之间的不可调和性；“严打”无形之中又制造了新的犯罪，犯罪嫌疑人的权利丧失殆尽等。。我国的“严打”是建立在人治基础上的，它破坏了法治的基础，蔑视了法律和程序，因此其对法治建设所造成的负面影响是巨大的，甚至是得不偿失。因此，“严打”何时能摆脱人治思维，更值得我们关注。“严打”最初是非常状态下的非常选择，但是战役不间断的进行到现在，这也表明“严打”政策实际上已经成为我国的一项长期性基本刑事政策。因而，对于“严打”仅是一项权宜之举，不能不提出怀疑。

关键词： “严打” 刑事政策 局限性 理性反思

Abstract

"strike-hard" campaign " has followed reform and opening-up in the past 20 years of our country and economic construction course as a criminal policy. In the face of the severe public security situation day by day, attack severely the policy and arise at the historic moment, it produces its specific social background and social historical condition 。The severe public security situation is its realistic foundation produced ; The confusion known to the criminal policy are their thought foundations produced ; It is its social base produced that the old idea of the old system has not been dispelled yet; Traditional legal culture is its value foundation produced . True, " "strike-hard" campaign " policy played a active role in suring in practice, but its limitation and negative effect can't be ignored either。Attack severely " destruction to legal system and infringement , this " "strike-hard" campaign " inherent logic contradiction of intension negative effect in legal system obvious severely and quickly in accordance with the law, embody a concentrated reflection of in accordance with the law and severely and quickly between the two getting implacable; "strike-hard" campaign " has made new crime again virtually, the suspect's right is exhausted etc.. "strike-hard" campaign " of our country is based on foundation of ruling by men, it has destroyed the foundation governed by law, have despised the law and procedure , So it builds the negative effect caused in ruling by law it is enormous, even lose more than gain. So, when can " "strike-hard" campaign " get rid of the thinking of ruling by men, deserve the close attention of us even more. " "strike-hard" campaign " is an extraordinary choice under an extraordinary state at first, but the campaign goes on incessantly till now, this indicate " "strike-hard" campaign " policy become one long period of time basic criminal policy of our country already in fact too. Therefore, to " "strike-hard" campaign " it is only an expedient act , Have to propose suspecting .
Keyword: " "strike-hard" campaign " Criminal policy Limitation Reason reviewing




“严打”是“从重从快严厉打击刑事犯罪活动”的简称，是我国进入20世纪80年代以来，面对违法犯罪升级、蔓延而采取的一项重要刑事政策，伴随 了我国近20年的改革开放与经济建设历程。诚然，“严打”在司法实践中取得了一定成效，

发挥了一定的积极作用，但是，而对我国：刑事犯罪案件特别是重大案件仍然持续大幅度上升，社会治安问题日增多的严峻社会形势，我们不得不对“严打”政策的理论和实践进行理性反思。
一． 对“严打”的界定
在谈论“严打”之前，我们必须首先对刑事政策有个清楚的了解，刑事政策是为了抗制犯罪而产生的。刑事政策是指国家或执政党为了达到抗制犯罪的目的，依据本国的犯罪总态势并采取刑罚和非刑罚等手段所制定 的一系列方针和策略的总和.
(一)对“严打”的界定
“严打”是“从重从快严厉打击刑事犯罪活动”的简称。“从重从快严厉打击刑事犯罪活动”包括实体与程序两个方面。“从重”是指刑事实体而言的，即对特定的严重危害社会的犯罪分子予以相对严厉的制裁。狭义地讲，“严打”的对象是严重危害社会治安的犯罪分子；广义地讲，“严打”的对象是各种严重危害社会治安、严重破坏经济的犯罪分子。从重处罚体现在立法

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