To Foreignize or To Domesticate
sp;the basic metaphorical concepts of SL and TL communities correspond,
as in "to our ancestors" and "armed to teeth", the original image or flavour
is most likely to be retained.
(2) When they come cross SL historical, geographical or folk heritage in
cultural-specific metaphors as such "to carry coals to Newcastle" and "a
skeleton in the cupboard/closet", the Chinese translator would try very
hard to find suitable solutions for them. The best solution so far is to
retain the original image or cultural -specific features with the support
of interpretations so that the implications of the story generally accepted
by members of the culture eventually get cross to the TL reader.
(3) The TL reader’s response is still a significant criterion and the main
consideration in metaphor translation. When the associations of an image
in the SL is lacking in the TL, for
instance, "to be born with a silver in one’s mouth", "a wet blanket", the
translator tends to adapt the metaphor into idiomatic target language expressions.
(4) When translating the English metaphor, particularly those embedded
in proverbs, such as "He who keeps company with the wolf will learn to
howl" and "Great men are not always wise", the Chinese translator, more
often than not, seeks for an equivalent expression (e.g. a Chinese couplet)
to replace the original, although the equivalence is sometimes far from
accurate. 6. Conclusion
On examining the translation of metaphor and the discussion of some of
the problems involved, I have realized that different methods of translation
are changeable rather than fixed, contingent rather than eternal. Whether
to use foreignizing or domesticating strategy depends on different factors
such as the importance and the contextual factors of the SL text, the consideration
of referential accuracy, the reader’s acceptability and the "pragmatic
economy" (Newmark, 1988b: 110). I believe there are special problems involved
in the translation of metaphor, but the theory of the translation of metaphor
is justifiable within the general theory of translation. To sum up, in
translation practice, there is no foreigni 《To Foreignize or To Domesticate(第10页)》
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as in "to our ancestors" and "armed to teeth", the original image or flavour
is most likely to be retained.
(2) When they come cross SL historical, geographical or folk heritage in
cultural-specific metaphors as such "to carry coals to Newcastle" and "a
skeleton in the cupboard/closet", the Chinese translator would try very
hard to find suitable solutions for them. The best solution so far is to
retain the original image or cultural -specific features with the support
of interpretations so that the implications of the story generally accepted
by members of the culture eventually get cross to the TL reader.
(3) The TL reader’s response is still a significant criterion and the main
consideration in metaphor translation. When the associations of an image
in the SL is lacking in the TL, for
instance, "to be born with a silver in one’s mouth", "a wet blanket", the
translator tends to adapt the metaphor into idiomatic target language expressions.
(4) When translating the English metaphor, particularly those embedded
in proverbs, such as "He who keeps company with the wolf will learn to
howl" and "Great men are not always wise", the Chinese translator, more
often than not, seeks for an equivalent expression (e.g. a Chinese couplet)
to replace the original, although the equivalence is sometimes far from
accurate. 6. Conclusion
On examining the translation of metaphor and the discussion of some of
the problems involved, I have realized that different methods of translation
are changeable rather than fixed, contingent rather than eternal. Whether
to use foreignizing or domesticating strategy depends on different factors
such as the importance and the contextual factors of the SL text, the consideration
of referential accuracy, the reader’s acceptability and the "pragmatic
economy" (Newmark, 1988b: 110). I believe there are special problems involved
in the translation of metaphor, but the theory of the translation of metaphor
is justifiable within the general theory of translation. To sum up, in
translation practice, there is no foreigni 《To Foreignize or To Domesticate(第10页)》
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