新中考英语词汇类试题解析
九年义务教育全日制初级中学英语教科书(JEFC)共收词达1060多个,词组近400条。词汇是构成人类语言 大厦的建筑材料, 是语言三要素中最重要的、最基本的要素,自然成为中考英语考查的一个重点。笔者随意抽 取了96、97两年全国各省市中考英语试题共计35份试卷,作了统计分析,纯词汇考查的题目平均占17.2分,其 考查的方式主要有如下几种:单词拼写、词形转换、词语释义、词组英汉互译、单词填空等,本文将分别作以 介绍。
一、单词拼写
这种题型重在考查常用词汇的拼写情况,多数省市采用在句子基础上考查在一定上、下文中单词拼写的能 力,要求写出该单词时必须考虑它所处的句子环境,采用其正确形式。
1. I hear you're living ________ (高兴)in the newbuilding.
(’97黑龙江)
该题所空之处系修饰动词living,应用副词形式happily。
2. September is the n _______ month of the year.
(’97山西)
此题应填序数词ninth,注意n后不带e。
3. Jack is h _______now,because he didn't have breakfastthis morning.
(’97山西)
此题须根据后句“因为他今天早上未吃早饭”,才可推断出Jack现在是饿了,因此应填hungry(而不填ha ppy, healthy, helpful, heavy等其它以h开头的形容词)。
4. Keep _______(传)the ball to each other, and you'llbe OK.
(’97黑龙江)
该题应填passing,keep后应接动词的ing形式作宾语。
5. This skirt is c _______ and the other is expensive.
(’97山东)
该题填cheap。后面的expensive正好与该词相对。
6.—How many m ________ are there in an hour? —There are sixty.
(’96陕西)
填minutes。注意要用复数形式minutes,不能用单数形式。
7. Mary h _______ of trees are planted every year in ourcity.
(’96黑龙江)
填hundreds。注意用复数形式,表示“大量、许多”。
8. He _______ (清洁)our classroom every morning.
(’96广东)
填cleans。主语是第三人称单数,一般现在时,动词用-s形式。
9. The old house is well _______ (保存).
(’97四川)
填kept。被动语态,该句意为“这栋老房子保存得很好。”
10. Li Ming is the best student in his class. He can dohis homework without any tr ______ ___.
(’96新疆)
填trouble。前半句的介绍对正确选出所填之词很关键。
二、词形转换
词形转换要求写出所给词的某一形式,其趋势也是在句子基础上考查。如:
1. Who runs _______ in the class? (fast)
(’97北京)
应填fastest。此处是有一比较的范围in the class, 应用副词fast的最高级。
2. Jack's father often makes him ________ (do) hishomework for three hours every day .
(’97吉林)
应填do。make作“使、让”讲时,其不定式宾补不带to。
3. There are a lot of tall ________ (build) in the city.
(’97吉林)
填buildings。首先根据句子结构考虑要用名词, 其次要注意用复数。
4. The workers were wearing thick clothes and glasses tokeep ________ safe.(they)
(’97辽宁)
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一、单词拼写
这种题型重在考查常用词汇的拼写情况,多数省市采用在句子基础上考查在一定上、下文中单词拼写的能 力,要求写出该单词时必须考虑它所处的句子环境,采用其正确形式。
1. I hear you're living ________ (高兴)in the newbuilding.
(’97黑龙江)
该题所空之处系修饰动词living,应用副词形式happily。
2. September is the n _______ month of the year.
(’97山西)
此题应填序数词ninth,注意n后不带e。
3. Jack is h _______now,because he didn't have breakfastthis morning.
(’97山西)
此题须根据后句“因为他今天早上未吃早饭”,才可推断出Jack现在是饿了,因此应填hungry(而不填ha ppy, healthy, helpful, heavy等其它以h开头的形容词)。
4. Keep _______(传)the ball to each other, and you'llbe OK.
(’97黑龙江)
该题应填passing,keep后应接动词的ing形式作宾语。
5. This skirt is c _______ and the other is expensive.
(’97山东)
该题填cheap。后面的expensive正好与该词相对。
6.—How many m ________ are there in an hour? —There are sixty.
(’96陕西)
填minutes。注意要用复数形式minutes,不能用单数形式。
7. Mary h _______ of trees are planted every year in ourcity.
(’96黑龙江)
填hundreds。注意用复数形式,表示“大量、许多”。
8. He _______ (清洁)our classroom every morning.
(’96广东)
填cleans。主语是第三人称单数,一般现在时,动词用-s形式。
9. The old house is well _______ (保存).
(’97四川)
填kept。被动语态,该句意为“这栋老房子保存得很好。”
10. Li Ming is the best student in his class. He can dohis homework without any tr ______ ___.
(’96新疆)
填trouble。前半句的介绍对正确选出所填之词很关键。
二、词形转换
词形转换要求写出所给词的某一形式,其趋势也是在句子基础上考查。如:
1. Who runs _______ in the class? (fast)
(’97北京)
应填fastest。此处是有一比较的范围in the class, 应用副词fast的最高级。
2. Jack's father often makes him ________ (do) hishomework for three hours every day .
(’97吉林)
应填do。make作“使、让”讲时,其不定式宾补不带to。
3. There are a lot of tall ________ (build) in the city.
(’97吉林)
填buildings。首先根据句子结构考虑要用名词, 其次要注意用复数。
4. The workers were wearing thick clothes and glasses tokeep ________ safe.(they)
(’97辽宁)
填themselves。用反身代词表强调。 《新中考英语词汇类试题解析》