谈谈英语写作的基本方法
mas was coming,Della had not enongh moneyto buy Jim,who is her husband,a present,so she went to a shopto sell her hair in order that she could buy a gold chainworthy of Jim's gold watch.
这个句子过份冗长,既有并列句,也有复合句,复合句中既有时间状语从句、目的状语从句,还有定语从句。与其辛辛苦苦去构筑这样的复杂句子,还不如把它分为几个简单句,显得轻松、洗练一些。
Christmas was coming.Della had not enough money to buy apresent for his husband Jim.So she had to sell her hair.Aftershe got the money,she bought Jim a gold chain.
下面再谈谈初学写作时在造句方面常出现的一些错误实例。
1)句子冗长累赘、意思重复,例如:
①The army advanced forward after the big battle.(一场大的战斗后,部队向前进发。)这个句子的问题在于句中的"advanced"本身就是"march forward"的意思,而在其后出现"forward"实属多余,应去掉。
②The reason why I took off my coat was because I felt hot.用词多,绕圈子,太罗嗦。可以改成:I took off my coat,becauseI felt hot.简短明了。只要句意明确,多余部分应尽量删去。
2)修饰语的位置不对。修饰语的位置用错直接影响意思的准确表达。这一点在文章上一部分已谈到。我们再来看两个例子。
①I nearly lost five dollars yesterday.
I lost nearly five dollars yesterday.
这两句话由于nearly的位置不同,其含义也截然不同。第一句“我昨天差点丢了5美元”,言下之意是:没丢钱。第二句“我昨天丢了近五美元”意思是我丢了钱。不过不到5美元。
再如:②She decided not to go.他决定不去了。She did notdecide to go.他没决定去呀。否定词用在不同的位置上,意思大不一样。因此,平时在阅读和练习中要注意。
3)代词所指不明确。例如:
Peggy held a piece of bread and jam in one hand and thetelephone receiver in the other.She kept eating it while shetalked.后面一句话中的"it"指什么呢?指"a piece of bread andjam"还是指"telephone receiver",这使人费解。在英语写作中要避免这种指代不清的句子。这句话可改为:Peggy held in one hand thetelephone receiver and in the other a piece of bread and jam,which she kept eating while she talkcd.
4.模糊不清的比较。例如:
①I like John as much as Tom.这句话里究竟是I like John asmuch as I like Tom,还是I like John as much as Tom likes John.这种比较模糊不清。
②My home is nearer to our school than yours.不知这里的yours是指your home.还是your school.这句话应改为:My home isnearer to our school than yours is.或My home is nearer to ourschool than it is to yours.
③Tom is taller than anyone in his class.这里的比较是不符合逻辑的,因为被比较的对方包括了Tom和他班里的任何人(他自己也不例外)。
下面我们再说说有关释意能力问题。
学习英语写作,我们应学会释义(Paraphrase).就是用不同的词语来表达或说明一个词或句的意思。表达要正确,这种能力在阅读时要注意培养。一是注意老师在讲解生词时的释义,二是用英英词典学习释义。学会释义能更好地克服从汉语出发抠汉语字眼的毛病。汉语中说“拖某人的后腿”其涵义是牵制、阻挠别人作某事。理解了这层含义,就可以根据不同的上下文来选择不同的英语来表达这个意思。如:"hold sb.back,be a drag on sb,blinder(impede,prevent)sb.from doingsth."等:学会释义,在用英语学习写作
我们前面所谈到的都是练习用英语写作时要注意的一些基本问题,一般来说,练习写作是由开始的模仿性写作,到控制性写作(如改写文章、缩写文章、写提纲、复述等等)。写英文日记是练习英语写作的好办法,每天写几句。天长日久,笔头得到较多的锻炼。最后进入自由写作阶段。
三、组段
段落是文章中相对独立的一个部分。它通常由主旨句、扩展句和结尾句组成。例如:
Bamboo has many uses.Many people use it to make chairs,tables,curtains,birdcages and so on.Its tender young shootscan be eaten.The soft pulp in side the stems can be made intoa fine paper.No wonder people say bamboo is a useful plant.
这段话共有五个句子。第一句是主旨句,说竹有许多用途。第二、三、四句是扩展句,说明竹有哪些用途。第五句是结尾句,说明竹是一种有用的植物。
下面分别谈主旨句、扩展句和结尾句的写法。
1.主旨句。主旨句揭示该段内容的中心,放在段落的开头。从修辞上看,主旨句宜用比较简洁的句子,使读者易于领会该段的主旨:下面这段话还未有主旨句,请同学们阅读之后从A、B、C、D中选一个做主旨句。
主旨句。The hibenating animal's temperature drops to justover zero centigrade.It breathes only once every five minutes.It does not feel any pain.You can beat it without causing itto wake up.So hibernating animals look as if they were dead.
A.As you know,hibernation is much deeper 《谈谈英语写作的基本方法》
本文链接地址:http://www.oyaya.net/fanwen/view/86014.html
这个句子过份冗长,既有并列句,也有复合句,复合句中既有时间状语从句、目的状语从句,还有定语从句。与其辛辛苦苦去构筑这样的复杂句子,还不如把它分为几个简单句,显得轻松、洗练一些。
Christmas was coming.Della had not enough money to buy apresent for his husband Jim.So she had to sell her hair.Aftershe got the money,she bought Jim a gold chain.
下面再谈谈初学写作时在造句方面常出现的一些错误实例。
1)句子冗长累赘、意思重复,例如:
①The army advanced forward after the big battle.(一场大的战斗后,部队向前进发。)这个句子的问题在于句中的"advanced"本身就是"march forward"的意思,而在其后出现"forward"实属多余,应去掉。
②The reason why I took off my coat was because I felt hot.用词多,绕圈子,太罗嗦。可以改成:I took off my coat,becauseI felt hot.简短明了。只要句意明确,多余部分应尽量删去。
2)修饰语的位置不对。修饰语的位置用错直接影响意思的准确表达。这一点在文章上一部分已谈到。我们再来看两个例子。
①I nearly lost five dollars yesterday.
I lost nearly five dollars yesterday.
这两句话由于nearly的位置不同,其含义也截然不同。第一句“我昨天差点丢了5美元”,言下之意是:没丢钱。第二句“我昨天丢了近五美元”意思是我丢了钱。不过不到5美元。
再如:②She decided not to go.他决定不去了。She did notdecide to go.他没决定去呀。否定词用在不同的位置上,意思大不一样。因此,平时在阅读和练习中要注意。
3)代词所指不明确。例如:
Peggy held a piece of bread and jam in one hand and thetelephone receiver in the other.She kept eating it while shetalked.后面一句话中的"it"指什么呢?指"a piece of bread andjam"还是指"telephone receiver",这使人费解。在英语写作中要避免这种指代不清的句子。这句话可改为:Peggy held in one hand thetelephone receiver and in the other a piece of bread and jam,which she kept eating while she talkcd.
4.模糊不清的比较。例如:
①I like John as much as Tom.这句话里究竟是I like John asmuch as I like Tom,还是I like John as much as Tom likes John.这种比较模糊不清。
②My home is nearer to our school than yours.不知这里的yours是指your home.还是your school.这句话应改为:My home isnearer to our school than yours is.或My home is nearer to ourschool than it is to yours.
③Tom is taller than anyone in his class.这里的比较是不符合逻辑的,因为被比较的对方包括了Tom和他班里的任何人(他自己也不例外)。
下面我们再说说有关释意能力问题。
学习英语写作,我们应学会释义(Paraphrase).就是用不同的词语来表达或说明一个词或句的意思。表达要正确,这种能力在阅读时要注意培养。一是注意老师在讲解生词时的释义,二是用英英词典学习释义。学会释义能更好地克服从汉语出发抠汉语字眼的毛病。汉语中说“拖某人的后腿”其涵义是牵制、阻挠别人作某事。理解了这层含义,就可以根据不同的上下文来选择不同的英语来表达这个意思。如:"hold sb.back,be a drag on sb,blinder(impede,prevent)sb.from doingsth."等:学会释义,在用英语学习写作
时遇到一些一时表达不出的思想时,就可以帮助我们越过词,句的障碍,去加以释义。
我们前面所谈到的都是练习用英语写作时要注意的一些基本问题,一般来说,练习写作是由开始的模仿性写作,到控制性写作(如改写文章、缩写文章、写提纲、复述等等)。写英文日记是练习英语写作的好办法,每天写几句。天长日久,笔头得到较多的锻炼。最后进入自由写作阶段。
三、组段
段落是文章中相对独立的一个部分。它通常由主旨句、扩展句和结尾句组成。例如:
Bamboo has many uses.Many people use it to make chairs,tables,curtains,birdcages and so on.Its tender young shootscan be eaten.The soft pulp in side the stems can be made intoa fine paper.No wonder people say bamboo is a useful plant.
这段话共有五个句子。第一句是主旨句,说竹有许多用途。第二、三、四句是扩展句,说明竹有哪些用途。第五句是结尾句,说明竹是一种有用的植物。
下面分别谈主旨句、扩展句和结尾句的写法。
1.主旨句。主旨句揭示该段内容的中心,放在段落的开头。从修辞上看,主旨句宜用比较简洁的句子,使读者易于领会该段的主旨:下面这段话还未有主旨句,请同学们阅读之后从A、B、C、D中选一个做主旨句。
主旨句。The hibenating animal's temperature drops to justover zero centigrade.It breathes only once every five minutes.It does not feel any pain.You can beat it without causing itto wake up.So hibernating animals look as if they were dead.
A.As you know,hibernation is much deeper 《谈谈英语写作的基本方法》